Canadian Medical Association

Surveys on public and private health care in Canada

Surveys on public and private health care in Canada

As part of work on the balance of public and private health care in Canada, the Canadian Medical Association (CMA) commissioned two surveys in the summer of 2023 to better understand the views of the public and physicians on the state of the health system, issues of concern and potential solutions. Below are some of the highlights.


Three in ten respondents from the general population said they could not access health care in the past 12 months. The top three reasons were:

pie chart with a photo of a person sitting in a waiting room

42%
Long wait times

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36%
No family doctor

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25%
Care not available in public system and cost-prohibitive in private sector


Canadians said the health system needs major reform – and 92% of physicians agree.

Physicians

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22% believe the health care system works well but needs some minor changes to get better, 40% believes the health care system is okay today but needs some fundamental changes to meet future needs, 30% believes the health care system is not working for most Canadians and needs major changes, 8% don't know


General population

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5%
The health care system works well but needs some minor changes to get better

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46%
The health care system is okay today but needs some fundamental changes to meet future needs

pie chart with a photo of a person furrowing their eyebrows

49%
The health care system is not working for most Canadians and needs major changes

person holding their child in a doctor's office and having a discussion with the doctor

When asked about the kind of health care system they want, Canadians’ top three values are:

  1. Timely access

  2. Equity

  3. Sufficient supplies/supports for health care professionals

Physicians have similar views but tend to give greater weight to equipping health care professionals to provide the best care possible.

More than half of respondents to both surveys favour expanded public health insurance. Nearly two-thirds of Canadians think government spending on health care should increase.

More publicly funded health services

52% of the general population, 58% of physicians

More government spending

65% of the general population, 60% of physicians

Canadians generally believe a publicly operated, publicly funded system would outperform a privately operated, publicly funded system.


Ensuring that everyone in Canada, no matter where they live or their personal situation, gets equal treatment from the health system:

63%
General population

83%
Physicians


Ensuring all players in the system, from funders to providers to patients, are accountable for their actions:

48%
General population

49%
Physicians

Almost half of Canadians think a privately operated system would perform better is ensuring timely access to care.

42%
General population

58%
Physicians

While there is support for allowing physicians and other care providers to work in both public and private sectors, many Canadians also worry that allowing more private services will draw workers away from the public system.

Allow dual practice:

63% of the general population, 55% of physicians


Worry that providers will move from public to private sector:

62% of the general population, 71% of physicians

More than half of Canadians expressed openness to patients paying for access to health services:


If they can afford it:

53%
General population

47%
Physicians


When the public system cannot provide timely access:

53%
General population

56%
Physicians

Both physicians and the general public are strongly against imposing user fees for core services currently covered by Medicare.

2/3 against user fees for physicians
2/3 against user fees for hospital services

Sources:

  • Ipsos/CMA survey, conducted between June 22 and 27, 2023, included a nationwide sample of more than 3,000 people in Canada aged 18 years and older. The poll is accurate to within + or – two percentage points, 19 times out of 20. 

  • CMA member survey, conducted between June 20 and July 4, 2023, included a nationwide sample of more than 2,600 physicians, residents and medical students. The data was weighted by region and segment to ensure the sample’s composition reflects that of the profession.


Learn more about the CMA’s work on public-private care